APA style guides
More examples are available in the Publication manual of the American Psychological Association available from UWA library and the APA style guide to electronic references available online via the UWA Library.
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
The 5th edition of the Manual, available for loan from UWA library.- APA style guide to electronic references
pdf (24pp.) outlining the changes to APA style for electronic references made in 2007. Available for download by UWA staff and students.
References by Format
This guide divides references into different formats for ease of use. Hover your cursor over the Reference Formats tab to select the format you want, or select from the links below.
The overarching principle in referencing or citing is that readers should be able to follow your sources if they are interested in finding out more about a topic and that you should acknowledge other authors whose ideas or information you have used.
- Books/eBooks
- Conference Papers & Proceedings Published and unpublished papers, on and offline.
- Journal Articles: In Print
- Journal Articles: Online Includes articles with and without a DOI and articles retrieved through CMO.
- Multimedia Formats Includes film, VHS, DVDs, podcasts, music, video blogs and other recordings.
- Newspapers Articles found through both on and offline sources.
- Standards & Patents From both databases and published sources.
- Tables, Figures & Images Citing your own figures, tables or images and using someone else's.
- Theses Theses that are published, unpublished or retrieved from a database.
- Web Sources Citing webpages, including ones without an an author or date, as well as discussion forums, blogs, mailing lists and wikis.
What if I want to cite some information that someone else has cited?
If you read an article or book which cites some information that you want to cite, always refer to the source where you found the information, not the original source. For example:
Sue reads an article by Alex Byrne in the Australian Library Journal in which he cites or refers to statements made by Tim O'Reilly on his website at http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html Sue wants to refer to O'Reilly's statement in her assignment.
Sue would acknowledge O'Reilly in her text but her reference is to the source where she saw the information. Sue might write in her assignment:
...O'Reilly, as cited in Byrne (2008) argues that...
In her references at the end of her assignment Sue would write a reference for Byrne's article because that's where she sourced the information. The entry in her References would be:
Byrne, A. (2008). Web 2.0 strategies in libraries and information services. The Australian Library Journal, 57(4),365-376.
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